The 32nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment , also called the Trans-Mississippi Regiment 4, (1862-1865) was a Confederate Army infantry regiment during the American Civil War. The regiment was appointed at various times as Matlock Battalion Arkansas Caval , 4th Regiment (Gause) Trans-Mississippi Infantry , and Gause's Arkansas Infantry Regiment .
Video 32nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Organization
May 1862 invented the Arkansas Confederacy, with almost no organized troops, facing an invasion by troops under Union General Samuel R. Curtis. In March, Major General Earl Van Dorn had been ordered to move his Army from the West, via a river boat to the eastern side of the Mississippi River to strengthen the Confederate forces near Corinth, Mississippi, leaving the Arkansas state without an organized Confederate troop. Major General Thomas C. Hindman was sent to Arkansas to take over the command of the Trans-Mississippi Department, arriving in Little Rock on May 31, 1862. Earlier in the month, Confederate Brigadier John S. Roane, who had been abandoned in command at Little Rock by General Van Dorn, had succeeded in stopping the Texas Cavalry Regiment crossing the country to join General Van Dorn in Mississippi. This gave General Hindman an organized cavalry regiment to try to stop General Curtis's forces from Batesville, who had been occupied in early May, south to the state capital. Fortunately for General Hindman, the Confederate Congress passed the Taxpayer Act (Draft) in April 1862. Part of this law had two effects that would help Hindman. Firstly, the law provides methods of suppressing labor into Confederate Army through conscription or compulsory military threat. Secondly, the law required all existing Confederate regiments to be reorganized, with new elections for officers, but gave the existing officers the option to withdraw rather than run for re-election. Many regiment officers serving in Arkansas the eastern regiment of the Mississippi river chose to resign and follow General Hindman back to Arkansas and assist in the deployment of new troops. This gave Hindman the officer corps to build his new army.
On June 1, 1862, immediately after taking command of the Trans-Mississippi District, Major General Hindman ordered Lieutenant Colonel Andrew B. Burleson, from the Texas Parson Cavalry Regiment to Camp Cache [Arkansas] to take over the separate Missouri command. and Arkansas rode on people who then operated between the White rivers and Mississippi. He is directed to take everyone within the bounds responsible for conscription and use them to assist him in the execution of his sealed orders and to register all persons taken as conscripts. On June 9, 1862, General Hindman ordered that all firms installed east of the White River be ordered to Camp Cache under the command of Colonel Burleson. Col Burleson was authorized to raise ten companies. The established regiment was intended to be ordered by Colonel Burleson for a while, but Lt. Col. Charles H. Matlock, recently returned to Arkansas from Arkansas Rifles 2, was ordered to report to Colonel Burleson on duty. Colonel Burleson directed that all cotton in Jackson and St. Francis burned without delay.
On June 16, 1862, Matlock organized the Matlock Battalion of the Cavalry Arkansas at Camp Cashe as part of Command Col Burleson. Lucien C. Gause, formerly of Jackson Guards, became the adjutant of Matlock and Charles L. Young was appointed major. The Matlock Battalion consists of Arkansas and Missouri companies that already exist. Later, these Missouri companies were replaced with new Arkansas companies. The Matlock Cavalry Battalion went down to serve as an infantry on 18 July 1862, on orders from General Hindman. Matlock was promoted to colonel on August 6, 1862, and his battalion from re-cavalry was reorganized into the Arkansas 32nd Army Regiment. When the regiment was organized, all regimental officers came from Jackson County:
- Charles H. Matlock, colonel;
- Charles L. Young, lieutenant colonel; and
- Lucien C. Gause, major.
This unit is formed from the following companies:
- Company A was Captain William T. Hicks organizing an independent cavalry company in Searcy, Arkansas, on February 22, 1862. The company was at odds with Federal forces in small-scale action throughout White County during the spring of 1862., and fought in a significant battle at Battle of Whitney's Lane, east of Searcy, on May 19, 1862, inflicted heavy casualties at Union's Missouri Infantry 17th. On June 16, 1862, the company lost its independent status when assigned to the cavalry battalion of Lieutenant Colonel Charles H. Matlock. The company lost cavalry status when the battalion went down to serve as an infantry on 18 July 1862. The original officers were: William Hicks, captain; Lucius M. Jones, lieutenant one; James A. Poe and James S. Wilkes, 2 lieutenants. When Captain Hicks was promoted to lieutenant colonel December 10, 1862, he was replaced by Lieutenant James A. Poe as captain. Lucius M. Jones was promoted to quartermaster regiment December 15, 1862.
- Company B was held on May 28, 1862, at Cotton Plant. The original officers were: Arthur F. Stephenson, captain; George W. Johnson, Lieutenant 1; William H. Montgomery and William S. Farley, 2nd lieutenant. When Arthur F. Stephenson was promoted to major on December 9, 1862, he was succeeded by Lt. William H. Montgomery as captain. Captain Montgomery died April 10, 1863, and was replaced by James T. McIver as captain. Captain McIver was killed on April 30, 1864.
- Company C was held June 15, 1862, at Camp Cache. Originally made up of part of the cavalry company Captain Richard Hooker. The original officers were: William P. Anderson, captain; J.M. Siddall, lieutenant 1; and George R. Barnes and Christopher Y. Steen, 2d lieutenants.
- Company D was held on June 15, 1862, at Camp Cache consisting mostly of men around Tupelo (Arkansas). Originally made up of part of the cavalry company Captain Richard Hooker. The original officers were: John Bland, captain; Elijah M. Shettlesworth, first lieutenant; and William P. Eason and J.R. Jelks, 2 lieutenants. Captain Bland was killed April 1, 1864.
- Company E was held June 17, 1862, at Camp Cache. The original officers were: Robert J. Anthony, captain; A.V. Posey, lieutenant 1; and Robert B. Camp and D.B. Miers, Lieutenant 2.
- Company F held June 16, 1862, in Burrowville. The original officers were: Samuel Leslie, captain; John A. Hallabaugh, lieutenant one; AIR CONDITIONING. Stephenson and James Watkins, 2 lieutenants. The company contains many former members of the 45th Regiment of the Arkansas Militia:
- Company G was held on June 13, 1862, at Camp Cache. The original officers were: Charles L. Young, captain; Jesse Grider, lieutenant 1; and William C. Scofield and Green Brandenburg, 2 lieutenants. After Captain Young's promotion to Lieutenant Colonel, Charles M. Montell was elected captain.
- Company H was held July 12, 1862, at E.D. Hurry up. The original officers were: James R. Morris, captain; William A. Mauldin, lieutenant 1; R.F. McKinny and Samuel Richard, 2 lieutenants.
- My company was organized on June 20, 1862, at Camp Cache. The original officers were: John Campbell, captain; J. Thomas Robinson, first lieutenant; and John Tharp and Henry G. Williams, lieutenant 2. Captain Campbell died July 23, 1862, and John Horne became captain of July 28, 1862. Frank M. Wells was elected captain of 1 December 1863. The company was among those living amongst Augusta and Jacksonport.
- Company K was held May 25, 1862, in White County. More recruits were added on June 15, 1862, at Camp Stokes and the company finished July 12, 1862, in Springfield, Arkansas. The original officer is: T.B. Moseley, the captain; James H. Word, lieutenant one; Samuel Coddings and George H. Hale, 2 lieutenants. Captain Moseley died June 30, 1862, and was replaced by Lt. George H. Hale as captain.
The regiment served at McRae's, Churchill's, L. C. Gause, and Roane's Brigade. Field officers were Colonel Lucien C. Gause and C. H. Matlock, Lieutenant Colonel William Hicks and C. L. Young, and Major Arthur F. Stephenson. This field unit was consolidated with the 30th Sudanese Infantry Regiment from December 1863 until about 1864.
Colonel Matlock resigned November 10, 1862, on the Surgeon Disabled Certificate. He was replaced by Lucien C. Gause as the 32nd Colonel.
Maps 32nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Services
Fall 1861
Many companies will eventually establish the 32nd Arkansas in service long before the regimental organization. In the autumn of 1861, Colonel Solon Borland, commander of the Confederate forces near Pocahontas became quite concerned over the intentions of the Union to attack Confederate camps at Pittman's Ferry, near the Arkansas-Missouri border that he issued a call for help from the state militia. On 5 November 1861, Col. Borland issued a call for volunteers in surrounding countries to hastily organize companies to defend the Pitman Ferry until the new Regular Confederate Regiment could be arranged and dispatched. A 30-day volunteer organization was organized in Jackson County by Capt. Richard Hooker. The company was held in Jacksonport on November 5, 1861, and went to Pocahontas where it was deployed into the Confederation service 29 November 1861, and discharged on December 28, 1861, also in Pocahontas. The men were armed with guns and borrowed swords. The company is known as Captain Hooker's Company, Arkansas 30-Day 1861 Mounted Volunteers. The company was reorganized on February 26, 1862, in Jacksonport as "Van Dorn Cavalry" "and more people gathered in it.
Curtis Invasion of Arkansas
Before becoming part of the 32nd Infantry Regiment, Hooker's Harrison's Mounts Volunteer stood out in an effort to defy General Curtis's army when it occupied Batesville Arkansas and begin the southward movement through Jackson and White County Arkansas in the spring. March 31, 1862, the morning report gave Hooker Company power to 130 officers and men. The original member of the Hooker Company was split between the C and D companies of the new Arkansas 32 Infantry when the regiment was arranged. Prior to this, Hooker and Captain Hick's company formed a highly effective cavalry squadron operating in the Jacksonport area.
Company A start, 32 Arkansas, was recruited in Northeast Arkansas by Captain William Hicks. On April 23, 1862, a talent group from Captain Hicks Company, under Lieutenant James A. Poe, advanced to Smithville in Lawrence County, Arkansas, within a few miles of Union Union advances under Union General Thomas Curtis. The enemy surrounded the place and captured two houses that people were forced to abandon. Then, on May 17, 1862, Lieutenant Poe's scout group attacked an enemy party at the Little Red River. Once again in May a reconnaissance from Captain Hick Company attacked enemy outposts in Searcy Landing in Little Red River, drove on their picket and injured one. On May 19, 1862, Captain Hicks' Company and Captain Hooker's Company, along with elements of the Texas Parson Cavalry engaged in battle at Whitney's Lane near Searcy, Arkansas, fought infantry and cavalry festivities from the 17th Missouri Infantry and 4th Missouri Cavalry. The company's loss is one captured and 5 injured, nothing severe.
Brigadier General Rust reported to General Hindman on June 11, 1862, that Col Burleson began his mission with three Arkansas companies totaling 260 people. On June 12, 1862, Captain Hooker's Company, along with members of the 12th Texas Cavalry, were involved in a small battle at Waddell's Farm, near Village Creek, in Jackson County. The union report indicated twenty-eight Confederates as victims of death, injury and detention, including a person and a captain identified as a member of the Hooker Company. In Arkansas On 15 June, a battalion was organized at Camp Cache under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Matlock, alongside Arkansas companies already under Col Burleson's command, two Missouri troop companies temporarily tied to new battalions, including Captain William L Jeffers Missouri Company. The company previously operated in southeast Missouri and Northern Ark independently, where they successfully involved enemies in Jackson, Missouri and Chalk Bluff, Arkansas. On the same day, Colonel Burleson sent a telegram to General Hindman to report that he had eight companies in the camp, and one of them was on his way and the other set. He believed that he could gather more than ten companies in his camp due to the availability of conscription and food. He reported that Lieutenant Colonel Matlock with seventy-five people had been sent to the White River to burn a cotton shop and collect ammunition. He also reported an engagement led by Lieutenant Hillsworth on June 12 in which four enemies were killed and seven wounded.
On June 17, Col Burleson sent a telegram to General Hindman about his fears surrounded on the east side of the river. He told General that the Yankees were in Chalk Bluff, Memphis and above him in Jacksonport and he feared that his commander was under siege and "killed". General Hindman reacted swiftly to what he perceived as Burleson's fear and refusal to fight. On June 19, General Hindman freed Col Burleson from the order and returned the regiment to Lieutenant Colonel Matlock. The next day on June 20, 1862, Col Burleson sent a telegraph to General Hindman stated
I received your submission and have given Colonel Matlock an order to 858 people organized and at night I will have 1,000. I am proud to be released from command and also proud of the success I have here in raising troops.. I will go to my regiment as soon as possible. In conclusion, allow me to return to you, a sincere gratitude for your honor to give me orders here in the Cache, and if I can serve my country or cause you to be involved, anytime, call Burleson.
Lieutenant Colonel Matlock was directed to get mounts for his infantry company and then continued with the formal regiment organization and sent recommendations to field officers and staff.
On June 20, Lieutenant Colonel Matlock sent a message to Hindman to report that he had nine cavalry companies and one infantry totaling 858 people and camped east 10 miles from Augusta. Matlock learned that that morning the 800 Federals were in Gainesville, in Green County about 80 miles north of the camp. Hindman replied and ordered Col Matlock to stay where he belonged. On the same day, General Hindman ordered Lieutenant Colonel Matlock to send Capt Allen Company, which had been organized at Crowley's Ridge, to report to Col McNeill who organized what would be the 30th Infantry Regiment in Arkansas at Crowley's Ridge.
General Hindman considers the scorched earth policy to block General Curtis' progress through northeastern Arkansas. On June 24, 1862 General Hindman sent Colonel Matlock, directing him to try to block Curtis's suggestion along the White River by
cutting trees in all directions. Destroy all bridges and ferries, and in every way block the way. Destroying all the forages and irresistible subsistence within five miles of the road. Call all Negroes in all directions along the streets of Augusta and Jacksonport. Burn all bridges and blocks all boards mainly from river villages. If followed by the enemy, attack him at all points that continue, but the work of obstruction. In the fall back blocking every foot of the road. Place your train in some comfortable place behind you. If you can certainly achieve what is directed above, and at the same time attack the enemy in Smithville, so there is no risk in this. The work of obstruction is the most important. You are expected to do all your work. Your movement is part of the general plan. Your failure will beat the whole. Keep your communication open with this Headquarters as well as with Clarendon. If the enemy has to land at that point, burn the bridge and block the road.
On June 27, 1862, Captain Hooker's Company engaged in combat with Curtis's command at Stewart's Plantation in Jackson County against elements of the 3rd Iowa Cavalry, 8th Infantry Infantry, and 9th Illinois Cavalry. According to reports, Union losses include five dead and thirty-five injured. Confederate losses were reported to be five dead. June 28, 1862, six Matlock Battalion companies under the command of Captain Hicks, attacked the enemy at the White River near Groves Glaze. The battle begins the night and continues until the flash of enemy weapons can be seen clearly in the dark. Loss of the enemy recorded 90 killed and injured. Confederate lost 1 dead and 4 injured. Union troops withdrew from the field. On June 29, 1862. Lieutenant Colonel Matlock sent a telegram to General Hindman from Camp Stoke to report his assault on a party-seeking enemy and attempts to block roads and rivers in the area to slow General Curtis's progress.
The Matlock regiment kept blocking the road to the south, cutting down trees and attacking from the ambush, but on July 2, the regiment seemed to be surprised and scattered near Augusta, in Woodruff County, Arkansas. One of the men of Matlock reported to Brigadier General Rust, that "Matlock was branded" in what was described as a very embarrassing Genesis. "The soldier reported that the enemy had crossed with Matlock bacon - 1000 lbs of horses & weapons that Matlock left..." The Union report described the capture of 2,000 lbs. meat that was buried on July 3 in Augusta. According to reports, the freed slaves in the area caused Union forces into new graves with headboards and foot boards but no names. As they dig, 2000 pounds of meat is found. The freed slaves indicated that the Confederate 400 forces had fled the area following a battle in one of the barricades the day before (July 2). This seems to fit with General Rust's report that the enemy has captured Matlock's Bacon.
On July 8, 1862, Company A of the Matlock Battalion was involved in the Battle of the Cotton Factory on the Cache River under General Albert Rust. The morning report for August 15, 1862, shows the regiment station at Camp Bragg near Batesville, Arkansas. After the action at Cotton Plant, General Curtis changed the purpose of the invasion of Little Rock, and instead moved to and occupied the Mississippi River port in Helena Arkansas. The rapidly assembled Hindman General's forces have prevented the capture of the nation's capital for at least another year.
On July 11, 1862, the record of events in the reels of regimental guides noted that the companies in the regiment descended on the orders of General Hindman. On 6 August 1862, five compulsory military companies were assigned to the battalion to bring it to the full ten required to be officially regulated as a regiment. On August 10, 1862, Special Order # 62, Army of the Southwest, announced Matlock Field Officer on Arkansas Infantry, Charles H. Matlock, Colonel; Charles L. Young, lieutenant colonel; and Lucien C. Pause, major.
Prairie Grove Campaign
General Holmes issued the Special Order of September 28, 1862, commissioned Colonel Dandridge McRae to lead a brigade of 28th Arkansas, Arkansas, 29th Arkansas Pleasant, 30th Arkansas Pleasant, 30th Arkansas McNeill, 32nd Matlock's Arkansas , AN Johnson Regiment and Arkansas Woodruff Battery. The Brigade was ordered to move immediately to Elkhorn in northwestern Arkansas and report to Brig. General J.S. Rain.
The regiment participated in a campaign in Northwest Arkansas under General Hindman including the Battle of Prairie Grove. Colonel Charles H. Matlock resigned on a surgeon's disability certificate prior to the Battle on November 7, 1862. Lieutenant-Colonel Charles L. Young, who had taken command at the site of Colonel Matlock was killed in the Battle of Prairie Grove on 7 December 1862. Colonel Dandridge McRea mentions Colonel Young's death in his report on the battle at Prairie Grove:
Though there was no close engagement of the long duration that went along my path, however, during the entire engagement time, with but little pause, my command was hit by terrible artillery fire, and plenty of time for musketry, and my line skirmishers (consisting of two companies for each regiment) were involved almost all the time the fight went on, and I have to say that both officers and men behaved well, exposed a few hours to a big shot, without being able to return it, and I am happy to state that hardly there is a staggered back, let alone that I've seen before. Captain Biscoe from Col McNeill and Lt McKay regiment from the McRae regiment deserves a great credit for the way they manage their company, which acts as a skirmisher. It is my duty to tell you about the death of Lt. Col. Charles L. Young. He died like a good soldier and a patriot, at the head of his regiment. In his death the country has suffered huge losses.
After the battle, the regiment retreated with the General Army of Hindman to Van Buren, Arkansas Where the regiment voted to replace the lost commander. Maj. Lucien C. Gause, elected Colonel, December 9, 1862. Captain William T. Hicks, elected lieutenant-colonel on December 10, 1862, and Captain Arthur F. Stephenson, promoted to major, December 9, 1862. 1 May 1863, 18 people who have returned from desertion, mostly from Company F, are detailed to work at Nitre Works in Searcy County, Arkansas.
Helena Campaign
On May 5, 1863, the regiment moved camp from Little Rock to Camp Anderson 4 miles north. On May 20, the regiment moved the camp to Bayou Meto, 12 miles east of Little Rock due to water scarcity. The regiment took the march line from Bayou Meto northeast direction June 1, 1863, arrived at Jacksonport June 6, 90 miles distance. The regiment left Jacksonport on June 21 on a trip to Helena, Arkansas, a distance of 100 miles, through a swamp country.
July 4, 1863, the regiment, as part of the McRea Brigade, participated in the Battle of Helena, Arkansas. The regiment fought in the Battle of Helena as part of the McRea Brigades. On July 2, Price, including the McRea Brigade with the 32nd Arkansas, met with Brigadier General Fagan's troops in Lick Creek, west of Helena, and the following morning General Holmes, Price, Walker, Fagan and Marmaduke met at Allen Polk's farmhouse five miles away. west of Helena to discuss the planned attack the next day. Holmes issued a general order outlining the planned assault on the Union garrison. The Price Forces, with its brigades ordered by Brigadier General Dandridge McRae and Mosby M. Parsons to advance through Jalan Kecil Batu and attack Battery C on Graveyard Hill, while the Fagan brigade will attack Battery D at Hindman Hill. Confusion in the Major Price Range paralyzed Confederate attacks. Price did not order his troops to continue their journey until at least an hour after Fagan and Marmaduke started their offensive. Two brigade commanders, Parsons and McRae, failed to maintain communications with each other and failed to attack, each expecting an order to come from another. When Price's forces finally rejoined and started their assault, they raided Graveyard Hill under fire from Batteries B, C, and D. against the attacks of Parsons and McRae, the 33rd infantry troops defending Battery C were ordered to step up their weapons and retreat, and Graveyard Hill fell into the face of the Confederacy. Before General Price could make its own artillery move backwards from the rear to retain Battery C and shoot Fort Curtis, Prentiss ordered Battery A, B, and D rifles, and Tyler artillery turned on in the Confederate area. In confusion, General Holmes ignored the standard chain of command and ordered one of the Parson regiment commanders to attack Fort Curtis. The other commanders misunderstand and, thinking that a general attack order has been issued, merge in progress on Graveyard Hill, into the deadly Shootout of Union batteries, Tyler artillery, and reformed Union lines. The Confederate attack broke out and began to retreat in chaos. General McRae, meanwhile, gathered people what he could help from the brigade and took them to the chasm that separated Graveyard Hill and Hindman Hill to help Fagan's General attack on Battery D. The Defenders of the Union opened fire when McRae's troops began climbing Hindman Hill , and the Attack collapsed before it started. The switch allows Fagan to make a load and retrieve the last line of the gunhole protecting Battery D, but they can not take the battery itself. After an inaccurate action report showed 5 officers (Captain J. R. Morris, and Lieutenant R. B. Camp, Thos A. Eppes, R. F. McKinney, and W. T. Tompkins) and 12 enlisted men were killed; 7 officers and 39 enlisted men were injured; 1 officer and 25 enlisted men disappeared or arrested. Other sources indicate that the 32nd Regiment of losses in Prairie Grove and Helena were 17 dead, 46 wounded, and 26 missing.
The fall of Little Rock
From Helena, the regiment was moved back to camp on Bayou Meto near Little Rock, Arkansas, and arrived there July 23, 1863. They marched through the swamp area and lost a lot of people because of the death and desertion. Most of Company C, Captain Anderson's Command, specified as Provost Guard in Jacksonport and rejoin the command in Searcy, Arkansas, on the way to camp in Bayou Meto. August 31, 1863, shows the regimental station at Camp Bowen. The regiment participated in the Little Rock defense and on September 10, 1863. Union Progress in Little Rock was opposed mainly by the Confederate cavalry division of Gen. Marmaduke and Walker. Confederate infantry brigade was dug on the north side of the Arkansas River. According to Captain Ethan Allen Pinnell of the Eighth Infantry Missouri, "Our works extends from the Arkansas River two miles below the city. To the east of Crystal Hill, a distance of 6 miles. Brigadier Gen'l Fagan is in the extreme, right, Parson next Fagan left, McRea Frost in the middle and on the left. "Union forces to build a pontoon bridge near Bayou Fourche, and crossed over to the south side of the Arkansas River are very low. With his work on the north side of the river now flanked, Major General Price was forced to leave the city on September 10, after a brief engagement at Bayou Fourche. Price soldiers retreated toward Rockport.
The 32nd Arkansas Infantry was held again on 1 December 1863. Other records, certificates and scrolls indicate that the 30th and 32nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment was consolidated during December 1863 and remained consolidated until the summer of 1864.
Red River Campaign
On January 28, 1864, the regiment moved from Camp Bragg, Ouachita District to Camp Sumpter, Hempstead County, Arkansas, 40 miles away. The official report shows the regiment assigned to the Churchill Brigade, Price Division, Arkansas District, on January 31, 1864. The regiment remained at Camp Sumpter during February 1864. When Churchill was appointed commander of the division, Colonel Gause once again held command of the brigade.. While Colonel Gause was assigned as brigade commander, Lieutenant Colonel William Hicks ordered the regiment.
After the launch of the Federal Red River Campaign, seize Alexandria, Louisiana and move on to Natchitoches and Shreveport, Arkansas Infantry Division General Churchill, including Gause's Brigade and 32nd Arkansas were sent south to Shreveport, Louisiana, in early March 1864 to assist General Kirby Army Smith against the face of Union General Nathaniel Banks along the Red River. The Churchill division reached Keatchie, Louisiana, in time to support the main forces of General Richard Taylor who defeated the troops of the Bank in the Battle of Mansfield (Sabine Crossroads) on 8 April 1864. The next day, the Confederate forces united to attack the Union's back guard at Pleasant Hill on the afternoon of the date April 9th. The Confederation had a long long march from southern Arkansas to Mansfield, and another ten hours to Pleasant Hill that day with a break of just two hours. Union troops held strong positions, and although the Arkanas and Missourians fought valiantly, they were driven back and backed six miles to the nearest waters.
After the battle of Pleasant Hill, the Churchill Division returned in a hurry with General Kirby Smith returning to Arkansas to assist General Price in dealing with the other half of the Red River campaign, the Camden Union General Expedition Frederick Steele moving southwest from Little Rock. The division and the Gause Brigade arrived just in time to join in the pursuit of Steele's troops while retreating from Camden, and joined in an attack on Steele as he tried to cross the Saline River at Jenkins Ferry on April 30, 1864. After all - The night marched through a heavy rainstorm and mud ankle, Gause's Brigade fell behind the federal vanguard and drove them for more than a mile, until the brigade on their side began to give way. Powered by the Tappan Brigade, and personally headed by General Churchill, the Confederate lines unite and repeatedly attack the Union forces that attempt to cross the river. Colonel Gause describes his brigade efforts as follows:
Too much praise can not be given to people who drive the enemy's center a half mile after all the support is given. When all act so dashing, it's difficult, if not impossible to show specific examples. Colonel Davie, Lieutenant Colonel Brooks, and Lieutenant Colonel Hicks, the regimental commander, did all their duty, urging their people forward in progress and mobilizing them when pushed back. In this they are faithfully assisted by Major Hathaway, from the Davie regiment; Major Stanley, Jells regiment; and Captain Anthony, acting lieutenant colonel, and Captain Montell, act great, regiment Gause. Major Stanley and Captain Anthony were both wounded, the latter bad. I am especially indebted to Lieutenant Smither, volunteer assistant, for valuable services en route from Camden and during the engagement. He is conspicuous because of his valor, every ready and fast to execute orders, and deserves special mention. I would also like to mention Captain Carter, acting as assistant general aide; Lieutenant Ross, assistant Aides and inspector general, and Leroy Burrow, acting as camp attendants, my staff, for the timeliness and energy they spend on some of their duties. My losses are 16 people killed and 67 injured, as will be seen with reference to the report forwarded with this. Among those killed were the mighty Captain McIver, Lieutenant Cude, Laser and Ponder, all falling bravely leading the responsible men. Their miserable loss and an almost irreparable blow to their command. The brave or more righteous man never falls in any battle. Around 2 pm I pulled my brigade off the field and bivouacked on a hill on Princeton Street, and marched there to this place. Submitted with respect.
Last Year of the War
On September 30, 1864, the regiment was assigned to Brigadier Brigadier 1 (Arkansas) Brigadier General John S. Roane, First Division (Arkansas) Main General Thomas J. Churchill, Major General Corps John B. Magruder, Trans-Mississippi Army and permanent in the assignment until December 31, 1864. On December 31, 1864, General Kirby Smith's report on his troop organization registered Arkansas 32, under Colonel Gause's command as belonging to Brigadier General John Selden Roane, 1st Brigade of the Acting Major General Thomas J Churchill in First Arkansas Infantry Division Second Army Corps General John B. Magruder, Trans-Mississippi Confederate Army.
The Roane Brigade was ordered to move to Fulton, near Washington, in Hempstead County on January 19, 1865 to help build a fortress along the Red River. The Brigade was then ordered to move to Minden, Louisiana, on January 26, 1865 where they set up winter places. Lieutenant Colonel William Hicks resigned February 1, 1865, to become a state senator.
Union commanders in the Gulf Department reported on March 20, 1865, that Roane's brigade consisted of four regiments - Colonel Gause, 250 men; Colonel Hill, 250 men; Colonel Brooks, 250 men; Colonel Davie, 250 men. This shows that all Churchill Divisions, except Shaver's regiment are located in Minden. On April 1, 1865, elements of the Roane Brigade had been ordered to Shreveport, Louisiana, and then a week later was ordered to move to Marshall, Texas. The Brigade was in Marshall, Texas, when the surrender took place.
Surrender
The official submission of the Trans-Mississippi Army, dated May 26, 1865, in New Orleans. Lieutenant General S.B. Buckner, acting for General E. Kirby Smith, Confederate Commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, entered a military convention with Major General Peter J. Osterhaus, representing Major General E.R.S. Canby. Under the terms of surrender, all resistance will cease, and officers and people will be released in accordance with requirements similar to the surrender of Appomattox. General Smith actually approved the convention June 2, 1865, in Galveston, Texas. This submission agreement requires Confederate soldiers who submit to report to the Federal conditional parole center set up in key communities in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas that are under the Confederate's control to be accounted for and given and accepted their parole. The 32nd Arkansas, along with most of the other Arkansas infantry regiments, camped around Marshall, Texas, when the Trans-Mississippi Army surrendered. With few exceptions, the Arkansas infantry regiment was immediately disbanded in Marshall and returned home. Some people, including Colonel Gause, came to Shreveport to accept parole, but for the most part, the men only went home unhindered by parole. Of the 1,245 people who had served in 33rd Arkansas, during its existence, 28 were killed in action, 88 were arrested and 165 died from illness. A total of 253 deserted and never returned to the unit, 46 was abandoned and returned to duty, and 28 deserted, went back to task and then left for a second time.
Bibliography
Bear, Edwin C. "Battle of Helena, July 4, 1863." Arkansas Historical Quarterly 20 (Autumn 1961): 256-297.
Christ, Mark K. Arkansas Civil War, 1863: Battle for a State. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2010.
Christ, Mark K., ed. Rude and sublime: Civil War in Arkansas. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1994.
Christ, Mark K. "'We Were Badly Whipped': Akun Konfederasi Pertempuran Helena, 4 Juli 1863." Arkansas Historical Quarterly 69 (Spring 2010): 44-53.
Hess. Earl J.; Shea, William L.; Piston, William G.; Hatcher, Richard W: Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge, dan Prairie Grove: A Battlefield Guide, dengan Bagian di Wire Road, Lincoln, Nebraska, AS. Bison Books 2006, ISBN 978-0-8032-7366-5
Neal, D., & amp; Kremm, T. W. (1993). Singa Selatan: Jenderal Thomas C. Hindman. Macon, Ga: Mercer University Press.
Schieffler, George David. "Too Little, Too Late to Save Vicksburg: Battle of Helena, Arkansas, July 4, 1863." MA thesis, University of Arkansas, 2005
Shea, William L. Fields of Blood: The Prairie Grove Campaign. Chapel Hill: Universitas North Carolina Press, 2009. ISBNÂ 978-0-8078-3315-5
Sikakis, Stewart, Compendium of the Confederate Armies, Florida and Arkansas Facts on File, 1992, ISBNÃ, 978-0-8160-2288-5
References
External links
- Edward G. Gerdes Home Civil War
- The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture
- The War of the Uprising: The Official Compilation of Unity and Confederate Army
- History Commission of Arkansas, State Archives, Civil War in Arkansas
See also
- List of Arkansas Civil War Confederate units
- List of American Civil War Regiments by States
- Confederate Units by Country
- Arkansas in the American Civil War
- Arkansas Militia in Civil War
- This article incorporates public domain material from documents of the United States Government "Civil War Soldiers and Seafarers System, National Park Services".
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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