The United States Navy Special Warfare Group ( NSWDG ), commonly known as DEVGRU or SEAL Team Six , is components of the US Navy from the Joint Special Operations Command. This is often referred to in JSOC as Task Force Blue . DEVGRU is administratively supported by the Navy Special Forces Command and is operationally ordered by the Joint Special Operations Command. Most information about DEVGRU is classified, and the details of its activities are usually not commented upon by the Department of Defense or the White House. Although the official name changed, "SEAL Team Six" remained a widely recognized moniker. Sometimes referred to in the US media as a Special Mission Unit.
DEVGRU and its Delta Force Army partners are the major US military counter-terrorism units. Although DEVGRU was created as a maritime anti-terrorism unit targeting high-value targets, it has become a special multi-functional operating unit with several roles that include hostage rescue, special surveillance, direct action, personal security, and other special missions.
Video SEAL Team Six
Histori
The origins of DEVGRU are in SEAL Team Six, a unit made after Operation Eagle Claw. During the Iranian hostage crisis in 1979, Richard Marcinko was one of two US Navy representatives for the Joint Chiefs of Staff task force known as the TAT (Terror Action Team). The goal of TAT is to develop a plan to free hostage Americans held in Iran. After the disaster at Desert One base in Iran, the Navy saw the need for a full-time counter-terrorist unit, and commissioned Marcinko with its design and development.
Marcinko is the first commander of this new unit. At that time there were two SEAL teams. Marcinko named the Team Six SEAL unit to confuse Soviet intelligence related to the actual number of SEAL teams that exist. The Plankowners unit (founding member) is directly elected by Marcinko of the entire UDT/SEAL community. SEAL Team Six became the main US Navy anti-terrorist unit. This has been compared to the United States Delta Force. Marcinko held the SEAL Team Six commando for three years, from 1980 to 1983, instead of the typical two-year command in the Navy at the time. SEAL Team Six was formed officially in October 1980, and a progressive and intensive work-training program made this unit's mission ready only six months later. SEAL Team Six starts with 75 shooters. According to Marcinko, the annual ammunition training allowance for the command is greater than the entire US Marine Corps. This unit has almost unlimited resources. In 1984, Marcinko and a dozen SEAL Team Six members will continue to form "Red Cell" (also known as OP-06D), a special unit designed to test the safety of American military installations.
In 1987, SEAL Team Six was disbanded. A new unit called "Naval Special Warfare Development Group" was formed, essentially as the successor of SEAL Team Six. The reasons for dissolution vary, but the name SEAL Team Six is often used in reference to DEVGRU.
Maps SEAL Team Six
Recruitment, selection and training
In the early stages of creating SEAL Team Six, Marcinko was given six months to get SEAL Team 6 and run, or the entire project will end. This meant that there was a matter of time and Marcinko had little time to make a proper selection course, similar to Delta Force, and as a result chose the first board owner of the unit after assessing their Navy record and interviewing everyone.. It is said that Marcinko regrets not having enough time to prepare a proper selection process and of course. Initially applicants only come from east and west coast SEAL teams and UDT. Although many ST6/DEVGRU training paths are classified there are some requirements and exercises that are common knowledge. The requirement to apply for DEVGRU states that applicants must be male and are from the SDV team, explosive ordnance explosive armament EODs and SEAL East and West Coast teams, aged 21 years or older, and have served at least two combat tours on their previous assignment. Although, due to combat experience requirements, it is not uncommon for a candidate in his early 30s. Marcinko's criterion for recruiting applicants is a combat experience so he knows they can perform under fire; language skills are essential, since the unit will have a worldwide mandate to communicate with the locals if needed; union skills, to be able to blend in as civilians during the operation; and finally SEAL skills. SEAL Team Six members are selected in part because of the different specialist expertise of each man.
Candidates must pass three days of physical and psychological testing that includes a Physical Screening Test (PST) in which the candidate must exceed the minimum requirements and perform at their highest level possible. Candidates are then interviewed by the oral review board to consider whether the candidate is suitable for the selection phase. Those who graduate from the strict recruitment and selection process will be selected to participate in the Six to eight months Course Course Course. Candidates will filter with the unit training wing known as the "Green Team". The level of erosion of training courses is high, usually around 50 percent; during one selection session, from 20 original candidates, 12 people complete the course. All candidates are closely monitored by the DEVGRU instructor and evaluated whether they are suitable to join the individual squadron. Howard E. Wasdin, former SEAL Team Six member said in a 2011 interview that 16 was applied to SEAL Team Six selection and two were accepted. Those who do not pass the selection phase are returned to the previous assignment and may try again in the future.
Like all special operations units that have highly intensive and high-risk training schedules, there can be serious injuries and deaths. SEAL Team Six/DEVGRU lost several operators during the training, including a parachute accident and a close combat training accident. It is estimated that the unit assessment process for new prospective members differs from what SEAL operators experienced in previous careers, and many trainings test the candidate's mental capacity rather than his physical condition, as he has completed the Basic Underwater Destruction or SEA Navy training pipe.
Candidates are entered through various advanced training courses led by civil or military instructors. These can include free climbing, land battle, advanced armed combat techniques, advanced defensive and offensive training, advanced diving training, communication and Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape (SERE). Candidates are also taught how to pick locks on cars, doors, and safes. All candidates must perform at the top level during selection, and the unit instructor evaluates candidates during the training process. Selected candidates are assigned to one of the Tactical Development and Evaluation Squadrons; the other is returned to the previous unit. Unlike the other regular SEAL Team, SEAL team of Six operators can continue to attend almost all other military courses to receive further training depending on the unit requirements.
Like Delta Force, direct fire training with live ammunition both in long distance and close quarters training is also done with the hostage role played by other students to help build candidate confidence between each other.
Structure
DEVGRU is divided into color-coded row Squadron:
- Red Squadron (Assault)
- Gold Squadron (Assault)
- Blue Squadron (Assault)
- Silver Squadron (Assault)
- Black Squadron (Intelligence, Reconnaissance, & Watch)
- Gray Squadron (Mobility Team, Transportation/Diver)
- Green Team (Options/Training)
Each attack squadron is divided into three registered SEAL troops, often called attackers, usually led by a Commander (O-5). Each of these troops was ordered by the assigned senior officer, who was usually a Commandant Lieutenant (O-4). An army chief also serves as an advisor to the troop commander and is the highest registered SEAL member in the army, usually a Chief Chief Petty Officer (E-9). A DEVGRU troop is subdivided into small SEAL teams. The individual attack team is led by a senior registered SEAL; usually a Senior Chief Petty Officer (E-8), sometimes a Chief Petty Officer (E-7). The rest of these teams are filled with more Petty Main Officers and Petty Class Officers; each member with their respective roles.
Each attacking squadron also has a particular nickname. Examples include the Knights of the Golden Knight, Red Indian Squadron, Blue Squadron Pirate, Viking Squadron Gray, etc. Squadron attacks are supported by various support personnel, including cryptologists, EOD technicians, dog handlers, and sometimes aviators from the United States Air Force. 24th Special Tactic Squadron, Air Force JSOC element.
According to GAO's report on special operations forces, in fiscal year 2014, DEVGRU has a total of 1,787 authoritative positions, of which 1,342 are military and 445 are civilians.
Uniform
The Department of Defense tightly controls information about DEVGRU, and declines to comment publicly about the highly classified units and activities. DEVGRU operators are given a large amount of flexibility and autonomy. To conceal their identities, members only wear uniforms on combat placement and extended training, preferring civilian clothing both inside and outside the task. When military uniforms are worn, they have no sign, surname, or branch name. Civil hair style and facial hair are allowed to allow members to mingle with different populations, and avoid recognition as military personnel.
Commander officer
DEVGRU's Command became a Captain's billet, following Marcinko's departure. Officers are recorded with higher rankings since being promoted.
Roles and responsibilities
The full mission of DEVGRU is classified but is thought to include pre-empar, pro-active, counter-proliferation counter-terrorist operations, as well as the elimination or recovery of target values ​​(HVTs) from countries that do not friendly. DEVGRU is one of several U.S. Special Mission Units. which certifies the use of precautions against terrorists and their facilities.
When SEAL Team Six was first created in 1980, it was specifically devoted to fighting terrorism with the oceans of the world; the objectives usually include targets such as ships, oil rigs, naval bases, coastal embassies, and other civil or military bases accessible from the sea or inland waters. In certain operations small teams from SEAL Team Six are assigned to international, hidden international risk areas to conduct surveillance or security assessments of US military and embassy facilities; and advised improvements to prevent casualties in a terrorist attack. SEAL Team Six was dissolved in 1987, and its role, minus the non-CT boarding assigned to the newly formed SEAL Team 8, was awarded to the newly formed DEVGRU.
Since the start of the War on Terrorism, DEVGRU has evolved into a special multi-functional operations unit with an international operational mandate. Such operations include the successful rescue of Jessica Buchanan and Poul Hagen Thisted, the rescue of Linda Norgrove, the successful rescue of American physician Dilip Joseph and in 1991, the success of Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide's recovery and his family during the coup. topple it.
The official mission of the currently operated Naval Special Warfare Development Group mission is "to provide centralized management for testing, evaluation and development of equipment technology and Techniques, Tactics and Procedures for Naval Special Warfare".
DEVGRU and the Army's Delta Force troops and deployed together in counter-terrorist missions usually as part of a joint-operations special forces (JSOTF).
The Special Division of Specialized Central Intelligence Agency (SAD) and more specifically the elite Special Operations Group (SOG) often work with, and recruit from, DEVGRU. The combination of these units eventually led to the killing of Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden in Operation Neptunus Tombak.
Controversy
Naval Criminal Investigation Services opened an investigation into the loss of $ 30,000 after the successful rescue operation of Captain Phillips of Maersk Alabama by DEVGRU; SEALs have been coded as part of an investigation and a Navy officer said that: "The case was finally closed without evidence of error."
A joint investigation by the British and American governments into a failed hostage rescue operation led by DEVGRU resulting in the death of British aid worker Linda Norgrove concluding that Norgrove was accidentally killed by a grenade thrown by Seal Team Six members. Navy SEAL did not immediately notify senior officers about throwing grenades; this violates military law, and a number of seafarers are disciplined.
On June 4, 2017, Staff of the US Green Beret Sergeant Logan Melgar was found murdered by strangulation in Mali, at the US embassy housing he shared with several other Special Operations members assigned to Mali. While no one has since November 2017 been accused of murder, two unnamed DEVGRU members shortly after the assassination were flown out of Mali back to the United States and placed on administrative leave are people who are attracted to the Criminal Investigative Service Force Sea. In February 2018, the strangulation had prompted broad military audits and investigations into the SEAL Team 6. The investigation had named two DEVGRU members who were interested in the killings and initially focused on analyzing their conflicting statements about Melgar's death. While they claim that Melgar was drunk on the night of his death, he was determined not to have any drugs or alcohol in his system when he died. Melgar is further determined for his throat and upper body mutilated in a clear attempt at tracheotomy. Both DEVGRU members have stated that they find Melgar unconscious and not breathing and that they are trying to perform an emergency tracheotomy on him. One DEVGRU member later stated that he deliberately strangled Melgar during a training match. The continued focus of the investigation was the notion that Melgar had discovered that two DEVGRU members had stolen cash intended to pay local informants and that he had told both men that he would report it. Both DEVGRU members deny this allegation.
See also
- Custom Boat Service (English)
- Spetsnaz (Russia)
- Kommando SpezialkrÃÆ'¤fte Marine (Germany)
- Navy SEALs in popular culture
- List of Navy SEALs
Note
References
External links
- "Special Operation" at ShadowSpear.com
- Navy Special Development Group at GlobalSecurity.org Mark Mazetti, Nicholas Kulish, Christopher Drew, Serge F. Kowalski, Seasn D. Naylor and John Ismay (June 6, 2015). "SEAL Team 6: A Secret History of Quiet Killings and Blurred Lines". The New York Times . CS1 maint: Many names: author list ( link) According to The New York Times probe article "Culture of the secret Special Operations unit, which often acts with limited supervision, and puts it in the context of how today's war is fought. teams in disturbing failures, such as the killing of a British aid worker seeking to rescue from the Taliban or the death of an innocent civilian, an unarmed young Afghan girl. The article also highlights the unit's victory regardless of Osama bin Laden's attacks, such as saving PFC. Jessica Lynch in Iraq, or rescue Captain Richard Phillips from Somali pirates ".
- "Inside SEAL Team 6". The New York Times . May 27, 2015. Ã, Explain identity, mission , training, and harm from SEAL Team Six.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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