A tatami (? ) is a type of flooring mat used in traditional materials. Japan. Traditionally made using rice straw to form a core, contemporary tatami nuclei sometimes consist of compressed wood chip boards or polystyrene foams. With a soft woven hood (ijusa igusa ??) straw, tatami is made in standard size, with an exact length of two times the width, an aspect ratio of 2: 1. Usually, on the long side, they have edges ( heri ?) From brocade or plain cloth, although some tatami have no edge.
Video Tatami
Histori
The term tatami comes from the verb your , which means folding or stacking. This indicates that the initial tatami is thin and can be folded when not in use or stacked in layers. Tatami was originally a luxury for nobility. During the Heian period, when the shinden-zukuri architectural style of the aristocratic residence had been fulfilled, the shinden-zukuri room floor was heavily dominated by wood, and the tatami was used only as a seat for the highest nobles. In the Kamakura period, a shadow-zukuri architectural style emerged where the samurai and priestly priests lived. This architectural style reached the peak of its development in the Muromachi period, when tatami gradually spread throughout the room, beginning with small rooms. The truly scattered room with tatami is then known as zashiki (??, lit., room is spread to sit), and the rules about seating and etiquette determine the tatami arrangements in the room. It is said that before the mid-16th century, the ruling nobles and samurai slept on tatami or woven mats called goza (??), while the commoners used straw mats or loose straw for the beds.
The lower class has a floor mat covered with mats.
Tatami gradually popularized and finally reached the home of ordinary people towards the end of the 17th century.
The houses built in Japan today often have only a few tatami-floored rooms, if any. Having only one is unusual. The rooms that have tatami floors and other traditional architectural features are referred to as nihonma or washitsu , "Japanese-style rooms".
Maps Tatami
Size
The size of the tatami differs between different regions of Japan.
- Kyoto - in this area, tatami is generally 0.955 m in size with 1.91 m. Tatami of this size is referred to as Ky? Ma (??) tatami.
- Nagoya - In this area it is generally measuring 0.91 m by 1.82 m, and is referred to as ainoma (???, lit., "between" sizes) of the tatami.
- Tokyo - tatami here is generally 0.88 m in size with 1.76 m. Tatami this size is referred to as Edoma (???) or Kant? Ma (???) tatami.
In terms of thickness, 5.5 cm is the average for tatami, whereas 6.0 cm is the norm for tatami. Half the mat is called hanj? (??), and a three-quarter length mat, used in the tea ceremony room (chashitsu), is called daimedatami (?? or ??). In the case of the traditional long Japanese unit, the tatami is (allow for regional variation) 1 ken with half ken , or equivalent to 6 shaku by 3 < i> shaku - this formally is 1.81818 meters (5.9652 feet) ÃÆ'â € "0.90909 meters (2,9826Ã, ft), Nagoya tatami size. Note that shaku is almost as long as one foot in a traditional British/American measurement system.
In Japan, the size of the room is often measured by the number of tatami mats (<<------((((((), about 1,653 square meters Or, in the case of traditional Japanese area units, the area of ​​the room (and especially the floor area of ​​the house) is measured in terms of tsubo, where one tsubo is the area of ​​two tatami mats (a square ); formally 1 ken with 1 ken or 1.81818... square meters, about 3,306 square meters.
Some common room sizes (in Nagoya area):
- 4 1 / 2 mat = 9 shaku ÃÆ'â € "9 shaku? 2.73 m² - 2.73 m
- 6 mat = 9 shaku ÃÆ'â € "12 shaku? 2.73 m² - 3.64 m
- 8 mat = 12 shaku ÃÆ'â € "12 shaku? 3.64 m ÃÆ'â € "3,64m
The shops are traditionally designed to be 5 1 / 2 , and the tea room is often 4 mats 1 / 2 . 
Layout
There are rules about the number of tatami mats and the layout of tatami mats in a room. In the Edo period, "favorable" tatami arrangements and "unprofitable" tatami arrangements are distinctly different, and the corresponding tatami will be rearranged depending on the occasion. In modern practice, the "advantage" layout is usually used. In this setting, tatami junctions form a "T"; in an "unfavorable" setting, tatami is in a grid pattern in which intersections form. A lucrative tile often requires the use of 1/2 mats for room tiles.
Unfavorable layout is said to bring bad luck.
See also
- Higashiyama Bunka in the Muromachi period
References
External links
- Media related to Tatami in Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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