carriages are closed North American railroad cars and are generally used for transporting goods. Boxcar, though not the simplest design of the freight car, is probably the most versatile, because it can carry the most load. Boxcars have side doors of various sizes and operations, and some include end doors and bulkheads that can be adjusted to load very large items.
Similar freight cars outside North America include wagon carts and, depending on their territory, are called van goods (England), louvre van (Australia), closed carts (UIC and UK) or just van (UIC and UK).
Video Boxcar
Use
Boxcars can carry most items. Initially they used hands, but in recent years mechanical help such as forklifts have been used to load and empty it faster. Their general design is still slower to load and unload than the car's special design, and this partly explains the decline in the number of carriages since World War II. Another cause for this decline is the dramatic change in cargo transport that is transmitted through water to container shipping. Effectively a wheelless carriage and chassis, a container is designed to be able to receive intermodal freight transport, either by container ship, truck or train, and can be delivered door-to-door.
Even loose loads such as coal, grain and ore can be carried in the carriage with the board above the side door opening. Then grain transport will use cardboard reinforced with metal nailed above the door and can be punctured by auger grain to be dismantled. This is more common in previous days; it's vulnerable to lose loads during the trip, and damage the car. It is also impossible to load and unload mechanically. Grains can also be transported in carriages specially designed for that purpose; Special equipment and procedures are required to load and unload the car. But the grain is better transported in a closed hopper car.
Livestock can be transported in carriages (which is standard practice in the US until the mid-1880s), but there is not enough ventilation in warm weather. Special made special cars or converted box cars are preferred. Insulated Boxcars are used for some types of easily damaged loads that do not require proper temperature control provided by refrigerator cars. The circus uses carriages to transport workers, supplies, and animals to go from city to city.
Car boxes are used for bulk commodities such as coal, especially in the Midwestern United States in the early 20th century. This usage is wide enough that some companies are developing competing box-car loaders to automate the loading of coal. In 1905, 350 to 400 such machines were used, mostly in the Midwestern coal mines.
Historically cars were carried in carriages, but during the 1960s, a specially built autorack took over; it carries more cars in the same space and is easier to load and unload. The automotive component business, however, has always been a large user of the carriages, and the larger capacity "cube high" cars evolved in the 1960s to meet the needs of the auto parts industry.
Maps Boxcar
Dimensions
The most common train car is 50'-6 "to 60'-9" in length, 9'-4 "to 9'-6" wide, and 10'-10 "to 11'high.A hi-roof carriage is 13 'This height is a dimension inside.The corresponding exterior dimensions will be 55'-5' to 67'-11 'in length, and 10'-6 "to 10'-8" in width.
Double Door Car
A two-door wagon has two sliding doors on each side instead of one. Two-door hopper cars can be more convenient for storage and use of household aisles. Double doors give users a wider choice than standard ones.
Door-and-half cars are used on PRR, N & amp; W, B & amp; O, WSS, and CNJ railroad tracks because the smaller opening does not require much in the corroborate.
Hicube box
In recent years, high capacity cubic boxcars (hicube) have become more common in the United States. This is higher than regular carriages and therefore can only run on routes with increased permissions (see gauge loading and structural gauges). The excessive height of the end of the car is often painted with a white ribbon so it is easily visible if it is placed incorrectly to the low boundary line.
The internal height of the 86-foot boxcars hikube (26.21 m) was originally used in automotive parts service generally 12 feet 9 inches (3.89 m).
Passenger use
Box cars have been used to transport passengers, especially during wartime. In both world wars, French box cars known as forty and-eight (40/8) were used as troop carriers and for delivery; in the first World War II by French troops, then Germany, and finally the Allies. The joint experience among the Allied armies gave birth to groups like the veteran organizations Forty and Eight. In addition to the army, the Germans carried prisoners in the crowded carriages during the Nazi regime, and a number of undisclosed German soldiers captured by the US Army died out of breath in American carriages that transported them from the front line to prison camp camps in March 1945. The same transport was used by the Soviet Union during the 1930s and 1940s, when more than 1.5 million people were transferred to Siberia and other regions of different countries and regions incorporated in the Soviet Union.
Bums often use the carriages on their way (see freight transport), as they are closed and therefore they can not be seen by train or police officers, and also to some extent isolated from cold weather.
See also
- Bockscar
- General Utility Van
- Railbox
- Sleeping
References
External links
- Akron, Canton, and Youngstown Railroad # 3024 - Photo and brief history of examples of outside wooden cars built by Mather Stock Car Company
- Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway # 276594 - Photos and a brief history of examples of modern armor (post World War II)
- Union Pacific Railroad # 498769 - Photos and a brief history of typical "billboard" wagon samples
- Guide to Railcars
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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