Hollow structural section

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A hollow structural part (HSS) is a type of metal profile with a hollow tubular cross section. This term is used primarily in the United States, or other countries that follow the terms of US construction or engineering.

HSS members can be circular, square, or rectangular, although other shapes such as ellipses are also available. HSS consists only of structural steel per code.

HSS is sometimes incorrectly referred to as hollow structural steel . Square and square HSS are also commonly called tubular steel or structural pipes. The circular HSS is sometimes mistakenly called steel pipe , although steel pipes are actually dimensionless and are classified differently from HSS. (HSS dimensions are based on the exterior dimensions of the profile; pipes are also produced for exterior tolerance, albeit with different standards.) The HSS angle is very round, having a radius that is approximately twice the wall thickness. Uniform wall thickness around the sections.

In the UK, or any other country that follows the English construction or engineering terminology, the term HSS is not used. In contrast, three basic forms are referenced as CHS, SHS, and RHS, into circular, square, and rectangular hollow sections. Typically, this title will also relate to metric sizes, so dimensions and tolerances are slightly different from HSS.

Video Hollow structural section

Use in structure

HSS, especially rectangular sections, are commonly used in welded steel frames in which members experience loading in various directions. Square and HSS circles have a very efficient form for this multi-axis loading because they have uniform geometries along two or more cross-sectional axes, and thus uniform strength characteristics. This makes them a great choice for columns. They also have excellent resistance to torsion.

HSS can also be used as a beam, although a wide flange or I-beam shape is in most cases a more efficient structural form for this application. However, HSS has superior resistance to lateral torsional buckling.

The flat square HSS rectangular surface can facilitate construction, and is sometimes preferred for architectural aesthetics in open structures, although the elliptical HSS is becoming more popular in open structures for the same aesthetic reasons.

In the past, HSS is generally available in mild steel, such as A500 grade B. Currently, HSS is generally available in mild steel, A500 grade C. Other steels available for HSS are A847 (weathering steel), A1065 (large parts up to 50 inches square made with SAW process), and recently approved A1085 (higher strength, tighter tolerance than A500).

Maps Hollow structural section

Producing

Square HSS is made in the same way as a pipe. During the process of making flat plate steel gradually change shape into round where the edges are presented ready to weld. The ends are then welded together to form a master tube. During the process of making the mother tube pass a series of forming stands that make up the rounds of HSS (mother tube) to the final square or rectangular shape. Most American manufacturers adhere to ASTM A500 or the newly adopted ASTM A1085 standard, while Canadian manufacturers follow ASTM A500 and CSA G40.21. The hollow section of Europe generally conforms to the EN 10210 standard.

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Fill HSS

HSS is often filled with concrete to improve fire rating, as well as robustness. When this is done, this product is referred to as the Lally column after its discoverer John Lally of Waltham, Massachusetts. (Pronunciation is often broken into 'lolly columns'.) For example, obstructions around parking lots (bollards) made from HSS are often filled, at least high bumpers, with concrete. This is an inexpensive cost (when replacement costs are taken into account) to add compressive strength to the milestone, which can help prevent unsightly local dents, although it generally does not significantly improve the overall structural nature of the bollard.

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See also

• Profile (technique)
• Structural steel
• Structural pipe installation
• The honeycomb structure
• Enlightening hole
• Hollow-core plates

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External links

• HSS Size
• Aisthetics Architecture (Opening Main Address for digifest 2004)
• AIS clamps (structural pipe fittings)
• Steel Tube Institute

Source of the article : Wikipedia