The Installation (or setup ) of the computer program (including device drivers and plugins), is the act of making the program ready for execution. Because the process varies for each program and each computer, programs (including operating systems) often come with installers , specialized programs that are responsible for doing whatever is required for their installation. Installation may be part of a larger software implementation process.
Installation usually involves code that is copied/made from the installation file to a new file on the local computer for easier access by the operating system. Because code is generally copied/created in multiple locations, uninstalling usually involves more than just deleting program folders. For example, registry files and other system code may need to be modified or deleted for complete uninstallation.
Video Installation (computer programs)
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Some computer programs can be run simply by copying them into a folder stored on the computer and executing them. Other programs are provided in a form that is not suitable for immediate execution and therefore need an installation procedure. Once installed, the program can be run again and again, without the need to re-install before every execution.
General operations performed during software installation include:
- Ensure that necessary system requirements are met
- Check the existing software version
- Create or update program files and folders
- Add configuration data such as configuration files, Windows registry entries or environment variables
- Make software accessible to users, for example by creating links, shortcuts or bookmarks
- Configure components that run automatically, such as daemons or Windows services
- Perform product activation
- Update the software version
This operation may require some fees or free of charge. In the event of payment, the installation fee means related costs and is relevant to or occurs as a result of installing drivers or equipment at the customer's premises.
Some installers may try to trick users into installing junkware like various forms of adware, toolbars, testing tools or partner company software. To prevent this, extra caution on what is required to be installed is required. Installation of additional software can then be skipped or unchecked (this may require users to use the "custom", "detailed" or "expert" versions of the installation procedure). Such malicious behavior is not necessarily a decision by the software developer or their company, but can also be an external installation issue like CNET Installer Download.com.
Maps Installation (computer programs)
Needs
As mentioned earlier, some computer programs do not require installation. This is unusual for many programs running on DOS, Mac OS, Atari TOS and AmigaOS. As computing environments become more complex and hard disks replace the floppy disks, the need for real installations comes by itself.
Modern application classes that do not require installation are known as portable apps , as they may roam to various computers and run them. Similarly, there is a direct operating system , which does not require installation and can be run directly from CDs, DVDs, USB flash drives that can be booted or loaded over the network as well as thin clients. Examples are AmigaOS 4.0, various Linux distributions, MorphOS or Mac OS versions 1.0 to 9.0. (See live CD and live USB.) Finally, a web app, which runs inside a web browser, does not need installation.
Type
Attend installation
On Windows systems, this is the most common form of installation. The installation process usually requires the user present to make choices, such as accept or reject the end user license agreement (EULA), specify preferences such as installation location, provide password or assist in product activation. In a graphical environment, installers that offer wizard-based interfaces are common. Invited registrars may ask users to help reduce errors. For example, if the disk on which the computer program is being installed is full, the installer may prompt the user to specify another target path or free up enough space in the disk.
Silent installation
Installations that do not display messages or windows during the process. "Silent installation" is not the same as "unattended installation" (see below): All silent installs are not maintained but not all unattended installations are muted. The reasoning behind the silent installation may be convenience or trickery. Malware is almost always installed silently.
Unemployed
Installations performed without user interaction during development or no user presence at all. One reason for using this approach is to automate the installation of a large number of systems. Unattended installation also does not require the user to supply anything or has received all necessary inputs prior to commencement of installation. Such input may be in the form of a command line switch or a answer file, a file containing all necessary parameters. Windows XP and most Linux distributions are examples of operating systems that can be installed with an answer file. In an unattended installation, it is assumed that there is no user to help reduce errors. For example, if the installation media is damaged, the installer will fail the installation, as there is no user to fix the error or replace the media. Unattended installer can record errors in the computer log for review later.
Headless installation
The installation is done without using a computer monitor connected. In a form attended by a headless installation, another machine is connected to the target machine (for example, via a local area network) and takes over the display output. Because a headless installation does not require a user in the location of the target computer, unattended headless installers can be used to install programs on multiple machines at the same time.
Installation scheduled or automatic
The installation process runs at a predetermined time or when a predetermined condition, as opposed to an installation process that starts explicitly on the user command. For example, system administrators who are willing to install the latest version of a computer program that is being used can schedule the installation to occur when the program is not running. The operating system can install device drivers automatically for devices connected by the user. (See plug and play.) Malware can also be installed automatically. For example, a famous Conficker is installed when a user connects an infected device to their computer.
Net install
A clean installation is one that is done without any annoying elements such as an old version of a computer program being installed or the rest of the previous installation. Specifically, a clean installation of the operating system is the installation where the target disk partition is removed before installation. Because the nuisance elements do not exist, a clean installation can work if an unclean installation can fail or can take significantly longer.
Network installation
Network installation, shortening netinstall, is the installation of a program from a shared network resource that can be done by installing a minimal system before proceeding to download the packet further through the network. This may be just a copy of the original media but software publishers offering site licenses to institutional customers can provide versions intended for network installation.
Installer
The installer program or installer is a computer program that installs files, such as applications, drivers, or other software, to a computer. Some installers are specifically created to install the files it contains; Another installer is a general purpose and works by reading the contents of the software package to be installed.
The difference between the package management system and the installer is:
Bootstrapper
During the installation of a computer program it is sometimes necessary to update the installer or package manager itself. To make this possible, a technique called bootstrap is used. The general pattern for this is to use an executable small file that updates the installer and starts the actual installation after the update. This little execution is called bootstrapper. Sometimes bootstrapper installs other prerequisites for the software during the bootstrap process as well.
General type
The cross-platform installer builder produces installers running on Windows, macOS and Linux. An example is InstallAnywhere by Flexera Software.
The Windows NT family includes an installation API and related services called Windows Installer. Microsoft provides the minimal tools necessary to make installers use Windows Installer in the available Windows SDK available for free. Third-party tools can support creating installers using this API to speed up the process. Examples include InstallShield (Flexera Software) and WiX (Outercurve Foundation). Installing authoring tools that are independent of Windows Installer include Wise Installation Studio (Wise Solutions, Inc.), VISE Installer (MindVision Software), Visual Installer (SamLogic), NSIS, Clickteam, InnoSetup and InstallSimple.
macOS includes Installer, the original package manager. MacOS also includes a separate software update application, Software Update but only supports Apple software and systems. Included on the dock in 10.6.6, the Mac App Store shares many attributes with successful App Store for iOS devices, such as a similar app approval process, use of Apple ID for purchase, as well as auto install and update. While this is Apple's preferred shipping method for macOS, previously purchased licenses can not be transferred to the Mac App Store for automatic downloading or updating. Commercial applications for macos can also use third-party installers, such as Mac Installer versions of VISE (MindVision Software) or InstallerMaker (StuffIt).
System installer
System installer is the software used to set and install the operating system to the device. Examples of system installers on Linux are Ubiquity and Wubi for Ubuntu, Anaconda for CentOS and Fedora, Debian-Installer for Debian-based Linux versions, and YaST for SUSE-based projects. Another example is found in the Haiku operating system, which uses a utility called Haiku Installer to install itself to the device after booting from a live CD or live USB.
See also
- Stream app
- Application virtualization
- Pre-installed software
- Software distribution
- Uninstall
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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